Alexey Danilov announced that his country, for the first time in the country's history, prepared a detailed action plan, in which all agencies and sectors of the army would participate, in anticipation of any invasion by Russia, as he put it. Ukraine had accused Russia of mobilizing up to 100,000 soldiers near its borders in preparation to attack it by the end of next January... However, Russia denied that it is planning to invade Ukraine...” [Al Jazeera 20/12/2021] What is the reality of this crisis and its dimensions  and motives? What is expected of this escalation, especially the Russian-American one?

The Turkish lira plunged to its lowest level in a short period, losing more than 30% of its value in less than two months, and losing more than 45% of its value since the beginning of this year. The inflation doubled to about 21% and prices rose significantly. Note that it has been in continuous fall since 2013. What are the reasons for this? What is the solution for this crisis to stop the fall? What are its implications on the 2023 elections?